Submission Open for IJEER Volume-3, Number-10, October 2019 | Submission Deadline- 20 October, 2019

International Journal for Empirical Education and Research



Geographic Information System & Spatial Analysis

  • Article Details

Author: Naser Ahmed Bipu | Published on: 2019-01-31 21:23:00   Page: 70-90   475

Abstract
A geographic information system (GIS) is a system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present spatial or geographic data. GIS applications are tools that allow users to create interactive queries (user-created searches), analyze spatial information, edit data in maps, and present the results of all these operations. GIS (more commonly GIS science) sometimes refers to geographic information science (GIS science), the science underlying geographic concepts, applications, and systems. GIS can refer to a number of different technologies, processes, techniques and methods. It is attached to many operations and has many applications related to engineering, planning, management, transport/logistics, insurance, telecommunications, and business. For that reason, GIS and location intelligence applications can be the foundation for many location-enabled services that rely on analysis and visualization.

Keywords
GIS; Mapping; Modelling; Data and Decision Analysis; Geo-coding.

Full PDF Download

Cite this Article

×

Bipu, N., A. (2019), Geographic Information System & Spatial Analysis. International Journal For Empirical Education and Research, 3(18), 70-90.

  • Download Citation

    • ×

    Bipu, N., A. (2019) "Geographic Information System & Spatial Analysis", International Journal For Empirical Education and Research, 3(18), pp.70-90.

  • Download Citation

    • ×

    Bipu, N., A.. Geographic Information System & Spatial Analysis. International Journal For Empirical Education and Research. 2019; 3(18): 70-90.

  • Download Citation

    • ×

    Appeared

    ×

    Appeared

    ×

    Bipu, N., A.. Geographic Information System & Spatial Analysis. International Journal For Empirical Education and Research. 2019; 3(18): 70-90.

  • Download Citation

    • ×

    Bipu, N., A.. Geographic Information System & Spatial Analysis. International Journal For Empirical Education and Research. 2019; 3(18): 70-90.

  • Download Citation


    • Reference

    1. Cybriwsky, Roman Adrian (2013). Capital Cities around the World: An Encyclopedia of Geography, History, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of Geography, History, and Culture. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-61069-248-9. Brussels, the capital of Belgium, is considered to be the de facto capital of the EU
    2. "European Commission – Frequently asked questions on languages in Europe". europa.eu.
    3. Leonard Orban (24 May 2007). "Cyrillic, the third official alphabet of the EU, was created by a truly multilingual European" (PDF). Europe.eu. Retrieved 3 August 2014.
    4. "DISCRIMINATION IN THE EU IN 2015", Special Euro barometer, 437, European Union: European Commission, 2015, retrieved 15 October 2017 – via GESIS
    5. The New Oxford American Dictionary, Second End., Erin McKean (editor), 2051 pages, 2005, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-517077-6.
    6. Current Article 1 of the Treaty on European Union reads: "The Union shall be founded on the present Treaty and on the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. Those two Treaties shall have the same legal value. The Union shall replace and succeed the European Community".
    7. "Eurostat – Population on 1 January 2018". European Commission. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
    8. "IMF World Economic Outlook Database, October 2018". International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 22 December 2016.
    9. "IMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2016". International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 17 April 2016.
    10. "Gini coefficient of equalized disposable income (source: SILC)". Eurostat Data Explorer. Retrieved 12 February 2017.
    11. "Human Development Report 2018 Summary". The United Nations. Retrieved 19 March 2018.
    12. "The EU in brief". European Union. 16 June 2016.
    13. European Commission. "The EU Single Market: Fewer barriers, more opportunities". Europa web portal. Archived from the original on 1 October 2007. Retrieved 27 September 2007.
    14. "Activities of the European Union: Internal Market". Europa web portal. Retrieved 29 June 2007.
    15. "Common commercial policy". Europa Glossary. Europa web portal. Archived from the original on 16 January 2009. Retrieved 6 September 2008.
    16. "Agriculture and Fisheries Council". The Council of the European Union. Retrieved 3 June 2013.
    17. "Regional Policy Inforegio". Europa web portal. Retrieved 3 June 2013.
    18. "Schengen area". Europa web portal. Archived from the original on 22 August 2011. Retrieved 8 September 2010.
    19. "European Union reaches 500 Million through Combination of Accessions, Migration and Natural Growth". Vienna Institute of Demography. Retrieved 12 February 2016.
    20. "World Economic Outlook Database". International Monetary Fund. 7 June 2018.
    21. "EU collects Nobel Peace Prize in Oslo". British Broadcasting Corporation. 10 December 2012. Retrieved 3 June 2013.
    22. John McCormick (2006). The European Superpower. ISBN 978-1-4039-9846-0.
    23. Christopher I. Beckwith (2009), Empires of the Silk Road, Oxford University Press, p.30
    24. "Renovatio imperii romanorum – Oxford Reference". doi:10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100414131. Retrieved 2018-11-22.
    25. René, Metz (1955). "Robert Folz, L'idée d'Empire en Occident du Ve au XIVe siècle, Collection historique, 1953". Revue des Sciences Religieuses (in French). 29 (2).
    26. Schramm, Percy Ernst (1957). Kaiser, Rom und Renovatio; Studien zur Geschichte des römischen Erneuerungsgedankens vom Ende des karolingischen Reiches bis zum Investiturstreit (in German). Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft.
    27. Jones, Jonathan (23 November 2010). "Europe has been building a secret community of culture | Jonathan Jones". The Guardian. Retrieved 11 March 2018.
    28. Perkins, Mary Anne (2004). Christendom and European Identity: The Legacy of a Grand Narrative since 1789. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-018244-6.
    29. Nelsen, Brent F.; Guth, James L. (2015). Religion and the Struggle for European Union: Confessional Culture and the Limits of Integration. Georgetown University Press. ISBN 978-1-62616-070-5.
    30. Mather, J. (2006). Legitimating the European Union: Aspirations, Inputs and Performance. Springer. ISBN 978-0-230-62562-4.
    31. Parry, Ken; Melling, David J.; Brady, Dimitri; Griffith, Sidney H.; Healey, John F. (2001). The Blackwell Dictionary of Eastern Christianity. Wiley. ISBN 978-0-631-23203-2.
    32. Sherrard, Philip (1995). The Greek East and the Latin West: A Study in the Christian Tradition. D. Harvey. ISBN 978-960-7120-04-5.
    33. Pinterič, Uroš; Prijon, Lea (2013). European Union in 21st Century. University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, Faculty of Social Sciences. ISBN 978-80-8105-510-2.
    34. Smith, Denis Mack (2008). Mazzini. Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-17712-7.
    35. Szymanowski, Teodor Korwin (1885). L'avenir économique, social ET politique en Europe (in French). H. Marot.
    36. Metzidakis, Angelo (1994). "Victor Hugo and the Idea of the United States of Europe". Nineteenth-Century French Studies. 23 (1/2): 72–84. Doi: 10.2307/23537320. JSTOR 23537320.
    37. Kaiser, W.; Varsori, A. (2010). European Union History: Themes and Debates. Springer. p. 140. ISBN 978-0-230-28150-9.
    38. John Maynard Keynes, Economic Consequences of the Peace, New York: Harcourt, Brace & Howe, 1920, pp. 265–66.
    39. Rosamond, Ben (2000). Theories of European Integration. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 21–22. ISBN 978-0-312-23120-0.
    40. Weigall, David; Stirk, Peter M.R. (1992). The Origins and development of the European Community. Leicester University Press. pp. 11–15. ISBN 978-0-7185-1428-0.
    41. "The political consequences". CVCE. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
    42. "Ein britischer Patriot für Europa: Winston Churchills Europa-Rede, Universität Zürich, 19. September 1946" [A British Patriot for Europe: Winston Churchill's Speech on Europe University of Zurich, 19 September 1946]. Zeit Online. Retrieved 13 January 2010.
    43. Dieter Mahncke; Léonce Bekemans; Robert Picht, eds. (1999). The College of Europe. Fifty Years of Service to Europe. Bruges: College of Europe. ISBN 978-90-804983-1-0. Archived from the original on 28 December 2016.
    44. Hunt, Michael H. (2014). The World Transformed, 1945 to the Present. New York: Oxford University press. pp. 516–517. ISBN 978-0-19-937103-7.
    45. "Treaty of Maastricht on European Union". Activities of the European Union. Europa web portal. Retrieved 20 October 2007.
    46. "A decade of further expansion". Europa web portal. Archived from the original on 11 February 2007. Retrieved 25 June 2007.
    47. Piris 2010, p. 448.
    48. "European Parliament announces new President and Foreign Affairs Minister". Retrieved 1 December 2009.
    49. "The Nobel Peace Prize 2012". Nobelprize.org. 12 October 2012. Retrieved 12 October 2012.
    50. "Nobel Committee Awards Peace Prize to E.U". New York Times. 12 October 2012. Retrieved 12 October 2012.
    51. "Croatia: From isolation to EU membership". BBC News. BBC. 26 April 2013. Retrieved 14 May 2013.
    52. "EU Referendum Result". BBC. Retrieved 26 June 2016.
    53. Erlanger, Steven (23 June 2016). "Britain Votes to Leave E.U., Stunning the World". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 24 June 2016.
    54. "'No turning back' on Brexit as Article 50 triggered". BBC politics. Retrieved 29 March 2017.
    55. "Share of world population, 1960, 2015 and 2060 (%)". Ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 28 June 2017.
    56. "The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency". Www.cia.gov. Archived from the original on 11 December 2007. Retrieved 28 June 2017.
    57. "Fertility statistics". ec.europa.eu Retrieved 28 June 2017.
    58.  "The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency". Www.cia.gov. Retrieved 23 November 2017.
    59. 6.5% of the EU population are foreigners and 9.4% are born abroad Archived 12 August 2011 at the Wayback Machine, Eurostat, Katya VASILEVA, 34/2011.
    60. "Eurostat – Data Explorer". Eurostat. Retrieved 22 November 2018.
    61. Population on 1 January by broad age group, sex and metropolitan regions, Eurostat. Retrieved 20 July 2018.
    62. "Europeans and Their Languages, 2012 Report" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 January 2016. Retrieved 3 June 2013.
    63. European Commission (2012). "Europeans and their Languages" (PDF). Special Eurobarometer 386. Europa.eu. pp. 54–59. Retrieved 16 December 2012.
    64. European Commission (2012). "Europeans and their Languages" (PDF). Special Eurobarometer 386. Europa.eu. pp. 78–83. Retrieved 16 December 2012.

    [This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited (CC BY 4.0).]

    DOI

    https://doi.org/10.35935/edr/31.9070

    Author Details

    Naser Ahmed Bipu
    Department of Geography and Environment
    Jagannath University
    naser.bipu2011@outlook.com