A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_URI::$config is deprecated
Filename: core/URI.php
Line Number: 101
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Router::$uri is deprecated
Filename: core/Router.php
Line Number: 127
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portal::$benchmark is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portal::$hooks is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portal::$config is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portal::$log is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portal::$utf8 is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portal::$uri is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portal::$exceptions is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portal::$router is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portal::$output is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portal::$security is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portal::$input is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portal::$lang is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 75
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portal::$load is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 78
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portal::$db is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 390
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_DB_mysqli_driver::$failover is deprecated
Filename: database/DB_driver.php
Line Number: 371
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_database_driver::open($save_path, $name) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::open(string $path, string $name): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_database_driver.php
Line Number: 129
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_database_driver::close() should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::close(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_database_driver.php
Line Number: 278
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_database_driver::read($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::read(string $id): string|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_database_driver.php
Line Number: 149
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_database_driver::write($session_id, $session_data) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::write(string $id, string $data): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_database_driver.php
Line Number: 206
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_database_driver::destroy($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::destroy(string $id): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_database_driver.php
Line Number: 295
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_database_driver::gc($maxlifetime) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::gc(int $max_lifetime): int|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_database_driver.php
Line Number: 333
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 284
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: session_set_cookie_params(): Session cookie parameters cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 291
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 306
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 316
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 317
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 318
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 319
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 377
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: session_set_save_handler(): Session save handler cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 110
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Warning
Message: session_start(): Session cannot be started after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 143
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portal::$session is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 1290
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portal::$Mdb is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 353
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$benchmark is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 327
Function: view
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$hooks is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 327
Function: view
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$config is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 327
Function: view
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$log is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 327
Function: view
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$utf8 is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 327
Function: view
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$uri is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 327
Function: view
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$exceptions is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 327
Function: view
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$router is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 327
Function: view
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$output is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 327
Function: view
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$security is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 327
Function: view
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$input is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 327
Function: view
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$lang is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 327
Function: view
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$load is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 327
Function: view
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$db is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 327
Function: view
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$session is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 327
Function: view
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$Mdb is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 925
Backtrace:
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/apps/controllers/Portal.php
Line: 327
Function: view
File: /home/journals.seagullpublications.com/public_html/ijeer/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Article
Seagull Publications | International Journal for Empirical Education and Research
Secondary Level Education Objectives
Author: Guo Chu | Published on: 2017-11-30 20:56:52 Page: 49-59 971
Abstract Organizations and their expansion in the knowledge, skills, views and values gained before the level of previous education. Give students basic knowledge about their country and nation so that they can properly assess its progress and achievement. Helping students acquire master's proficiency in Bangla and English languages. Understand the importance of the information and communication technologies of the students and in this case, assist in achieving the technical skills of this technology. Helping students to acquire the skills of judicial literacy so that they can verify the accuracy of the information source. To understand the importance of stable life system for long-term development and understanding the role of individuals and society in achieving its goals.
Keywords Application of Knowledge; Analysis; Synthesis; Logical Sequencing; Problem Solving
Approaches.
Cite this Article
APA
Harvard
BIBTEX
Oxford
Chicago
RIS
Vancouver
×
Chu, G. (2017), Secondary Level Education Objectives. International Journal For Empirical Education and Research, 1(3), 49-59.
Download Citation
×
Chu, G. (2017) "Secondary Level Education Objectives", International Journal For Empirical Education and Research, 1(3), pp.49-59.
Download Citation
×
Chu, G. . Secondary Level Education Objectives. International Journal For Empirical Education and Research. 2017; 1(3): 49-59.
Download Citation
×
Chu, G. . Secondary Level Education Objectives. International Journal For Empirical Education and Research. 2017; 1(3): 49-59.
Download Citation
×
Chu, G. . Secondary Level Education Objectives. International Journal For Empirical Education and Research. 2017; 1(3): 49-59.
Download Citation
Reference
"International Standard Classification of Education I S C E D 1997". www.unesco.org.
Statistics, UNESCO Institute for (2012). International standard classification of education: ISCED 2012 (PDF). Montreal, Quebec: UNESCO Institute for Statistics. ISBN 978-92-9189-123-8. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
"OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF BASIC EDUCATION" (PDF). UNESCO. UNESCO. 2007. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
"Secondary Education Reform- Towards a convergence of Knowledge Acquisition and Skills Development" (PDF). ED-2005/WS/37: UNESCO. 2005. Retrieved 17 March 2017.
Gillard, Derek. "The History of Education in England – History". www.educationengland.org.uk. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
Iwamoto, Wataru (2005). "Towards a Convergence of Knowledge Acquisition and Skills Development" (PDF). uis.unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
Leach; Gillard, Derek (1915). Cox, Charles (ed.). Leach – The Schools of Medieval England (1915) – full text (Antiquary's Books series ed.). London: Methuen. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
http://www.schoolnet.org.za/conference/sessions/jogwel/objectives_of_secondary_education.html
Calkins, L., & Tolan, K. (2010). A guide to the reading workshop, grades 3-5. Portsmouth, NH: Firsthand/Heinemann.
Forsten, C. (2010). Step-by-step model drawing: Solving word problems the Singapore way. Peterborough, NH: Crystal Springs Books.
[This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited (CC BY 4.0).]
Author Details
Guo Chu
Department of Education
National Taiwan University
cguo56@yahoo.com